Forum binary options binex

By: Mokkey Date: 29.05.2017

BINEX , for "BINary EXchange", is an operational binary format standard for GNSS research and operational purposes. The format has been designed to grow and allow encapsulation of any data or metadata allowed in the common ASCII exchange formats such as RINEX , IONEX , SP3 , SINEX , and so on, including GNSS-related data and metadata as encountered.

BINEX is a collaborative format specification, partnering with the UNAVCO community and interested receiver manufacturers. A partial list of participants currently includes:. Although a reality since circa , BINEX should be viewed as an ongoing design, with a long-term goal of a compact binary replacement for existing ASCII exchange formats e. RINEX , SINEX , IONEX , SP3 , etc. The first task had to be done very correctly, because once the generalized record structure was defined and started in use, there could be no returning to correct an earlier oversight.

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The generalized record structure is fairly simple, yet flexible. Since there is no "version" numbers in BINEX records, a BINEX parser should be able to parse any BINEX file or data stream, i. The parcer should identify valid records, but not necessarily be able to "translate" specific records. Please consult the Web page on BINEX conventions used in this documentation before proceeding, or, if you get confused, come back to this first.

There are two sets of possible records depending on the level of CRC cyclic redundancy check needed: Without worrying about specific details at this point, there is a fundamental difference between these two designs: The design of the enhanced CRC generalized record structure allows for yet more secure and reliable data transfer by 1 providing a bit-flipped version of the record message length bytes immediately after the record message length bytes i.

XOR-ing the two fields will give all 1's and 2 having an upscaled CRC for the entire record.

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Why worry about being able to read a file backwards? The analogy here is determining the start and end epochs times of a RINEX OBS file. The start time, by definition, is a required RINEX OBS header field, whereas the end time is an optional RINEX OBS header field--and either may correctly or incorrectly represent the actual start and end times in the file.

In fact, because the header metadata is unreliable, teqc searches the actual time tags in the file to determine the start and end times ignoring the header metadata for this. It turns out the one of nice things about RINEX is that one can usually read a file backwards. So, determining the start and end epochs directly from the time tags does not require reading an entire file forwards to the end.

For some applications, this saves considerable CPU time. Usually, about 6 bytes for the first of the above structure models , independent of the number of satellites being tracked for that epoch. For ConanBinary a fairly compact representation , this compares with 5 x number of satellites being tracked, e.

Additionally, in BINEX the 6 bytes includes a checksum or CRC for record security, which is totally absent in ConanBinary. BINEX will utilize both models of the generalized record structure: In short, a different synchronization byte is used for the two models. The upshot is that the bulk of a BINEX file could be composed of the "forward" readable records, but a reversible record could be appended on to the end of the file.

If one where to try to read a "forward" readable record backwards, one would quickly find that this was invalid; e. The terminating values are obtained by reversing and negating the bits of 0xd2, 0xf2, 0xd8, and 0xf8. More importantly, all these hexadecimal values also turn out not to be in conflict with any usual leading bytes of other common GPS native formats. One of the driving philosophies for BINEX is extensibility.

Consequently, the design isn't pigeon-holed in the number of possible BINEX record types that are allowable. Additionally, most of these records will probably have a subrecord ID usually only one byte will be necessary , which essentially allows for almost 3e17 possible record-subrecord combinations--far more than enough for the foreseeable future! The one-byte record IDs are reserved for public domain standardized records, i.

The multi-byte record IDs have initially assigned for private use in blocks of 4 record IDs on a request basis, allowing over such requests before the two-byte record IDs were used up. The idea here is that if JPL, say, wants a block of BINEX record IDs for internal use. They might estimate they need 20 or so records.

Five blocks of 4 records IDs would then be assigned to them. Any BINEX parser should be able to parse a file containing these JPL BINEX records once the records were in use; the records would just be recognized as private and skipped. If, at a later date, the organization that requested a private block of IDs might develop one or more of their private records to the point where they felt the general community could make use of them.

Then the specified records would move into the public arena with the necessary documentation so that a BINEX reader could actually translate those records. The record message length is also represented using the unsigned BINEX integer ubnxi method of using one to four bytes.

Thus, individual records of up to 0. The value for the record message length specifies the number of bytes in the record message which immediately follow the bytes for the record message length. Immediately following the record message length byte s is the record message. The format of each record message depends on which type of record it is identified, of course, by the record ID. Each record contains a record checksum that is generated from all of the bytes in the record ID, the record message length, and the record message itself.

The decision of which type of checksum to use and hence, the number of bytes in the checksum is based on the total number of bytes covered by the checksum, and on whether the record format uses regular CRC or enhanced CRC.

The design for this sum is:. For reversible record structure records, i. Note that only the byte order is reversed; the bit-order within each byte remains the same.

All measure time from 6. All "minutes" are understood to be standard second minutes. By expressing the basic time in minutes as an uint4 unsigned 4-byte integer , the time stamps have a range of slightly over years so starting in , are usable until A.

Depending on the time resolution required for a particular use, the seconds are either ignored or represented in a variety of ways:. At this point, the above BINEX record outlines should be intepreted as complete up to the point that they have been defined, though generally allowing for additions to be made in the future.

The forward parsing of all BINEX files or data streams follows the same algorithm, and makes use of the generalized BINEX record structure. The first valid byte will be the synchronization and endian byte, either:. Search the file or data stream from the start forward until one of these bytes is located. At this point, it is already assumed that user knows the "endian-ness" of the processor being used.

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The next bytes will establish the record ID of the record. The next bytes will establish the length of the message in the record.

Next, the number of bytes specified in the length of message are now actually read. These bytes form the body of message which will have to be decoded on a per record basis.

Next, bytes will be read which form the checksum or CRC for this particular record. This involves reading the number of length bytes for the message again. The value of the bytes read should be identical to the value of the bytes read earlier in the record for the length, except the bytes are in reverse order. Prototype BINEX software is available.

Also, Doug Hunt dhunt ucar. Testing of standard UNIX and GNU compression programs has been tested on BINEX files made up of mostly 0x7f records GPS observables , with a few 0x records GPS navigation messages. In all cases, the test files with big-endian records compressed slightly better than the files with little-endian records of the same data and we have no idea why this happens.

If you want to be included in the BINEX email forum, please go to the ls.

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Remove spaces from the italicized address. We have not hyperlinked the preceding URL to help prevent spammers, web-bots, and harvesters from learning about mail addresses at UNAVCO. Once subscribed, emails about BINEX questions and issues should then be sent to: National Aeronautics and Space Administration.

Documentation conventions please read! Subscribe, unsubscribe, search email archive Documents, emails, history, etc. UNAVCO data guru What is BINEX? A partial list of participants currently includes: Trimble Topcon Javad Leica Septentrio GSI JAXA DLR USGS UCSD Berkeley MIT CWU NRCan ETRI Geodetic Inc. GPS Solutions UNAVCO Inc. Some of the design goals of BINEX: BINEX should be designed to allow encapsulation of all information currently in RINEX, SINEX, SP3, IONEX, etc.

CRC of record matches the record The parcer should identify valid records, but not necessarily be able to "translate" specific records. Conventions used in this documentation: The two designs for the regular CRC generalized record structure are: The current design is that the synchronization byte of any "forward" readable record is: Record Message Length Bytes: The design for this sum is: Reverse Record Length Bytes: Depending on the time resolution required for a particular use, the seconds are either ignored or represented in a variety of ways: The assignment of the first few public records IDs are fairly straightforward: Current Outline for Various Records: BINEX Forward Record Parsing Algorithm The forward parsing of all BINEX files or data streams follows the same algorithm, and makes use of the generalized BINEX record structure.

The first valid byte will be the synchronization and endian byte, either: BINEX software Prototype BINEX software is available. Web page, including links to the latest tar. BINEX email forum If you want to be included in the BINEX email forum, please go to the ls.

Documents, emails, history, etc. Personal perspective on BINEX 7 Oct , 15 Jan BINEX handout for Nov IGS Infrastructural meeting a quick overview 8 Oct

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